Raw Materials
Languages & Paradigms
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TypeScript: JavaScript That Scales
Microsoft's typed superset of JavaScript brought static analysis to the most dynamic language on earth.
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JavaScript: 10 Days That Changed the Web
Brendan Eich's rush job became the world's most ubiquitous programming language. Here's how.
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CSS: Separating Style From Structure
Cascading Style Sheets ended the era of font tags and gave designers a real language for visual presentation.
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HTML: Markup for the Masses
How a simple markup language made document publishing accessible to anyone with a text editor.
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C: The Portable Assembly Language
Dennis Ritchie created C to rewrite Unix, and accidentally gave the world its most enduring systems language.
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Unix: The Operating System That Spawned Everything
Thompson and Ritchie's elegant OS introduced pipes, files-as-everything, and a philosophy that still drives modern development.